Western · sign 9 of 12 · natural 9th house
Sagittarius
22 November – 21 December, 2025
3 claims about Sagittarius can be traced to antiquity and are still made today. Everything else on this page arrived later, and each entry says when.
When Sagittarius actually begins
Computed from the Sun’s true ecliptic longitude for this year, not read from a fixed table. If you were born within a day of either boundary, a site using a table may put you in a different sign — and it is the table that is wrong.
What survives from antiquity
These are the only claims on this page that may honestly be introduced with “tradition holds”. Each is attested by an ancient or early-modern source and by a contemporary one.
Marcus Manilius (trans. Thomas Creech, 1697), Astronomica IV.18 (Creech, 'Of Sagittarius') · Raphael (house pseudonym; title page reads "The Astrologer of the Nineteenth Century, Author of the 'Prophetic Messenger'"), p.14 · ZodiacSign.com · Astrology.Care · Indie and Harper
Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.3 · Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Wikipedia contributors · Kamal Kapoor · AstroShastra
- quick-temperedattested antiquity → present2 of 12 core sources
Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.2 · Labyrinthos · ZodiacSign.com · Kamal Kapoor · AstroShastra · and 1 more
What arrived with the popularisers
Claims that reach us through Alan Leo, Raphael and Sepharial — the Edwardian writers who turned astrology into a mass-market genre — with no ancient source behind them. These are usually the most familiar things said about Sagittarius, and the page reference for each is below it.
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Cafe Astrology · The AstroTwins (Astrostyle) · Horoscope.com editorial staff · Labyrinthos · and 9 more
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Cafe Astrology · The AstroTwins (Astrostyle) · Horoscope.com editorial staff · Kamal Kapoor · and 8 more
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Cafe Astrology · The AstroTwins (Astrostyle) · Labyrinthos · ZodiacSign.com · and 5 more
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Raphael (house pseudonym; title page reads "The Astrologer of the Nineteenth Century, Author of the 'Prophetic Messenger'"), p.14 · Horoscope.com editorial staff · ZodiacSign.com · Astrology.Care · and 2 more
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.32-35 · Cafe Astrology · Labyrinthos · mindbodygreen · Kamal Kapoor · and 2 more
Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), How to Judge a Nativity, essay, p.18-19 — "most distinguishing characteristic, perhaps, is its love of sport and travel, having the attribute of sympathy" · Horoscope.com editorial staff · Labyrinthos · AstroSage
Raphael (house pseudonym; title page reads "The Astrologer of the Nineteenth Century, Author of the 'Prophetic Messenger'"), p.14 · ZodiacSign.com · Kamal Kapoor · AstroShastra
Raphael (house pseudonym; title page reads "The Astrologer of the Nineteenth Century, Author of the 'Prophetic Messenger'"), p.14 · Labyrinthos · Kamal Kapoor · AstroShastra
What the tradition said and we stopped saying
Attested in antiquity, and repeated by no contemporary source in this corpus.
Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.1
Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.2
Marcus Manilius (trans. Thomas Creech, 1697), Astronomica IV.18 (Creech, 'Of Sagittarius')
Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.1
The fate the classical texts predicted
Firmicus Maternus and his contemporaries did not write character sketches. They predicted outcomes, and this is what they predicted for Sagittarius. Every one of these has been dropped — across the whole corpus, no modern source repeats a single one.
- childlessnessJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.27.9
- ruin and captivityJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.3
- a violent deathJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.27.3
The work
Occupations are the one part of this tradition that demonstrably reaches the present. Character claims mostly do not, and physiognomy does not at all — but the trades the classical texts assigned to Sagittarius are still being assigned to it.
law — attested in antiquity and repeated today.
- lawattested antiquity → present3 of 12 core sourcesJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.27.7 · Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34 · Sepharial (Walter Gorn Old), p.74 · AstroSage
- speech and teachingfirst attested 19th c. · no ancient source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34 · mindbodygreen · AstroSage · AstroShastra
- travelfirst attested 19th c. · no ancient source1 of 12 core sourcesSepharial (Walter Gorn Old), p.74 · mindbodygreen · Astrology.Care · AstroShastra
- animal handlingantiquity only · no modern source2 of 12 core sourcesMarcus Manilius (trans. Thomas Creech, 1697), Astronomica IV.18 (Creech, 'Of Sagittarius') · Julius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.1
- athleticsantiquity only · no modern source2 of 12 core sourcesJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.27.9 · Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- divination and the occultantiquity only · no modern source2 of 12 core sourcesJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.3 · Sepharial (Walter Gorn Old), p.74
- founding a businessmodern only · no pre-1929 source1 of 12 core sourcesHoroscope.com editorial staff · AstroSage
- horsesantiquity only · no modern source2 of 12 core sourcesMarcus Manilius (trans. Thomas Creech, 1697), Astronomica IV.18 (Creech, 'Of Sagittarius') · Alan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- priesthood19th c. only · no modern source2 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34 · Sepharial (Walter Gorn Old), p.74
- huntingantiquity only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.14.3
- investigation19th c. only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- command and leadership19th c. only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- soldiering19th c. only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- research and the sciences19th c. only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
- the stageantiquity only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesMarcus Manilius (trans. Thomas Creech, 1697), Astronomica IV.18 (Creech, 'Of Sagittarius')
- office and statecraftantiquity only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesJulius Firmicus Maternus, Mathesis VIII.27.7
- art and design19th c. only · no modern source1 of 12 core sourcesAlan Leo (William Frederick Allan, 1860-1917), p.34
Rulership
The classical scheme gave every sign one of the seven visible planets. The outer planets were discovered between 1781 and 1930 and reassigned later, so where a sign has two rulers, both are real claims from different centuries. Neither is the correction of the other.
modern
none assigned
No outer planet was ever assigned to this sign. That is the answer, not a gap in the data.
Correspondences
Grouped by what kind of claim each is. Element and modality are agreed by every source in every century; the lucky numbers are agreed by almost nobody. Both appear on every astrology site in the same table, in the same type, which is how one borrows the other’s authority.
structural
Agreed by every source in every century.
classical
Classical taxonomy. Largely dropped by modern astrology.
dignity
Classical doctrine. Stable, but the outer planets are a modern addition.
mythic
The sign's image. Phrasings vary; the figure does not.
body
Melothesia — the sign's part of the body. Ancient, and not medical.
accretion
Modern accretion. Sources rarely agree with each other.
The body the old books describe
William Lilly, Raphael and Sepharial all told you what a Sagittarius looked like. Modern astrology dropped this entirely: across the whole corpus, not one physical description is repeated by a contemporary source. It is reproduced here as what those writers said, in the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, and for no other reason.
- stature
- tall 4middle 1
- build
- well-proportioned 5strong 2large-boned 1lean 1
- hair colour
- brown 4fair 2
- hair volume
- balding 1
- eye colour
- hazel 2blue 1
- eyes
- defective 1expressive 1
- complexion
- ruddy 2dark 1fair 1
- face shape
- long 3oval 2
- forehead
- high 1
- nose
- long 2aquiline 1
- limbs
- elegant 2strong 1
- aspect
- handsome 2open 1