Facts & lineage · Gan-Zhi
Why twelve becomes sixty
Ten heavenly stems and twelve earthly branches move one step at a time. Their first common return is the least common multiple: sixty years.
The mechanism
The stem supplies a yin/yang form of one of five phases: wood, fire, earth, metal or water. The branch supplies the animal. Because both lists alternate in parity, only matched yin–yin and yang–yang pairs occur: 60 combinations, not 120.
1984 is Jia-Zi, position one. Advancing both lists produces Yi-Chou, Bing-Yin and so on until Gui-Hai at position sixty; the next year returns to Jia-Zi.
- 1甲子Jia-Ziyang wood · Rat
- 2乙丑Yi-Chouyin wood · Ox
- 3丙寅Bing-Yinyang fire · Tiger
- 4丁卯Ding-Maoyin fire · Rabbit
- 5戊辰Wu-Chenyang earth · Dragon
- 6己巳Ji-Siyin earth · Snake
- 7庚午Geng-Wuyang metal · Horse
- 8辛未Xin-Weiyin metal · Goat
- 9壬申Ren-Shenyang water · Monkey
- 10癸酉Gui-Youyin water · Rooster
- 11甲戌Jia-Xuyang wood · Dog
- 12乙亥Yi-Haiyin wood · Pig
- 13丙子Bing-Ziyang fire · Rat
- 14丁丑Ding-Chouyin fire · Ox
- 15戊寅Wu-Yinyang earth · Tiger
- 16己卯Ji-Maoyin earth · Rabbit
- 17庚辰Geng-Chenyang metal · Dragon
- 18辛巳Xin-Siyin metal · Snake
- 19壬午Ren-Wuyang water · Horse
- 20癸未Gui-Weiyin water · Goat
- 21甲申Jia-Shenyang wood · Monkey
- 22乙酉Yi-Youyin wood · Rooster
- 23丙戌Bing-Xuyang fire · Dog
- 24丁亥Ding-Haiyin fire · Pig
- 25戊子Wu-Ziyang earth · Rat
- 26己丑Ji-Chouyin earth · Ox
- 27庚寅Geng-Yinyang metal · Tiger
- 28辛卯Xin-Maoyin metal · Rabbit
- 29壬辰Ren-Chenyang water · Dragon
- 30癸巳Gui-Siyin water · Snake
- 31甲午Jia-Wuyang wood · Horse
- 32乙未Yi-Weiyin wood · Goat
- 33丙申Bing-Shenyang fire · Monkey
- 34丁酉Ding-Youyin fire · Rooster
- 35戊戌Wu-Xuyang earth · Dog
- 36己亥Ji-Haiyin earth · Pig
- 37庚子Geng-Ziyang metal · Rat
- 38辛丑Xin-Chouyin metal · Ox
- 39壬寅Ren-Yinyang water · Tiger
- 40癸卯Gui-Maoyin water · Rabbit
- 41甲辰Jia-Chenyang wood · Dragon
- 42乙巳Yi-Siyin wood · Snake
- 43丙午Bing-Wuyang fire · Horse
- 44丁未Ding-Weiyin fire · Goat
- 45戊申Wu-Shenyang earth · Monkey
- 46己酉Ji-Youyin earth · Rooster
- 47庚戌Geng-Xuyang metal · Dog
- 48辛亥Xin-Haiyin metal · Pig
- 49壬子Ren-Ziyang water · Rat
- 50癸丑Gui-Chouyin water · Ox
- 51甲寅Jia-Yinyang wood · Tiger
- 52乙卯Yi-Maoyin wood · Rabbit
- 53丙辰Bing-Chenyang fire · Dragon
- 54丁巳Ding-Siyin fire · Snake
- 55戊午Wu-Wuyang earth · Horse
- 56己未Ji-Weiyin earth · Goat
- 57庚申Geng-Shenyang metal · Monkey
- 58辛酉Xin-Youyin metal · Rooster
- 59壬戌Ren-Xuyang water · Dog
- 60癸亥Gui-Haiyin water · Pig
Phase, not a fixed animal element
A Dragon year can be wood, fire, earth, metal or water depending on its heavenly stem. Calling someone simply an “Earth Dragon” from the animal alone confuses the branch with the year’s stem. The calculator shows both parts.